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However, how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative manner I like to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your computer. The more powerful your computer is, the further supposes you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the ideal suspect, your mining system determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with your solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to achieve but quite easy to validate.
3. Each computer which validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because sites of the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation procedure. So that the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized content manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to upgrade the blockchain. Of course, that the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the further mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining math issue. Therefore the difficulty of this mining process is actually self-adjusting into the gathered mining capability the network owns. .
If more miners join, it will get more difficult to solve the problem; when many of them fall off, it is going to get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two blocks being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms race to get the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only people mining Bitcoin back at the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. As Bitcoin started to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.